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Overview

The Livepeer Token (LPT) operates under a Stake-for-Access (SFA) model - common in DePIN networks, which requires node operators to stake LPT in order to participate, earn rewards and perform work on the network. The amount of LPT staked determines the orchestratorโ€™s stake weight and influence in the network.

Orchestrator Economics

The economics of running an orchestrator node on the Livepeer network involve both income streams, costs and output flows. The primary income streams for orchestrators are:
  • Protocol rewards: known as inflationary or staking rewards, paid in LPT tokens
  • Service fees: Usage-based fees for compute work performed, paid in ETH tokens
The primary costs for orchestrators are:
  • GPU hardware and hosting costs
  • Bandwidth and storage costs
  • Energy costs
  • Delegation rewards: paid in LPT tokens
Non-financial costs for orchestrators include:
  • Time and effort to maintain and operate the node
  • Risk of hardware failure or downtime
Non-financial benefits for orchestrators include:
  • Participation in governance and shaping the networkโ€™s direction
  • Potential for future income streams (e.g. delegation fees)

Revenue Streams

Orchestrator nodes earn revenue from two primary sources:
  • Protocol rewards: known as inflationary or staking rewards, paid in LPT tokens
  • Service fees (usage-based): paid in ETH tokens

Protocol rewards

Orchestrators earn protocol rewards - also known as inflationary or staking rewards - by staking LPT tokens and being selected to perform work. The rewards are proportional to their stake and are paid in LPT tokens. The Livepeer network distributes staking rewards in LPT to node operators and delegators. To provide video services on the Livepeer network, node operators must stake LPT. A node operatorโ€™s stake weight comprises their own tokens and tokens they were delegated.

Service fees

Last modified on February 18, 2026